By the 4th century BCE, zoos existed in most of the Greek city states Alexander the Great is known to have sent animals that he found on his military expeditions back to Greece. Other well-known collectors of animals included King Solomon of the Kingdom of Israel and Judah, Queen Semiramis and King Ashurbanipal of Assyria, and King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylonia. In the 2nd century BCE, the Chinese Empress Tanki had a "house of deer" built, and King Wen of Zhou kept a 1,500-acre (6.1 km 2) zoo called Ling-Yu, or the Garden of Intelligence. King Ashur-bel-kala of the Middle Assyrian Empire created zoological and botanical gardens in the 11th century BCE. The exotic animals included hippopotami, hartebeest, elephants, baboons and wildcats. The oldest known zoological collection was revealed during excavations at Hierakonpolis, Egypt in 2009, of a ca.
The predecessor of the zoological garden is the menagerie, which has a long history from the ancient world to modern times. The Tower of London housed England's royal menagerie for several centuries (Picture from the 15th century, British Library). In 1993, the New York Zoological Society changed its name to the Wildlife Conservation Society and re branded the zoos under its jurisdiction as "wildlife conservation parks". The term "bio park" was first coined and developed by the National Zoo in Washington D.C. Adopting a new name is a strategy used by some zoo professionals to distance their institutions from the stereotypical and nowadays criticized zoo concept of the 19th century. Relatively new terms for zoos in the late 20th century are " conservation park" or "bio park". The term "zoological park" was used for more expansive facilities in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Washington, D.C., and the Bronx in New York, which opened in 1847, 18 respectively. The abbreviation "zoo" first appeared in print in the United Kingdom around 1847, when it was used for the Clifton Zoo, but it was not until some 20 years later that the shortened form became popular in the rhyming song " Walking in the Zoo" by music-hall artist Alfred Vance.
The London Zoo, which was opened in 1828, was initially known as the "Gardens and Menagerie of the Zoological Society of London", and it described itself as a menagerie or "zoological forest". A Siberian tiger ( Panthera tigris altaica) at Korkeasaari Zoo in Helsinki, Finland
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